VA Lexicon is a set of vocabulary files used by VistA's Problem List, TIU (doc templates) and other packages. It's main job is to map from a keyword to an appropriate code. With the lexicon, a doctor doesn't pick ICD 9 codes: she picks key words and the Lexicon maps that word to appropriate standard concepts in the background - there are 36 coding systems with 475037 codes. ICD9 is the main scheme mapped to in VistA.
It seems that the Lexicon started off as a simple "synonym and plurals" gatherer, so that one "master label" could cover all variations of a word and be mapped once to appropriate codes. Then the VA layered on the concept of "meaning" (757_11: SEM CLASS, 757_12: SEM TYPE) which denoted the contexts of these "master labels", for example that something had one meaning in mental health and another elsewhere. This move from word-play to a sort of meta-thesaurus (think NCI Meta Thesaurus) isn't fully realized.
Two important notes: